Showing posts with label stem cells. Show all posts

2010-06-05

Stem Cell Tooth Regeneration

Stem-Cell Dental Implants Grow New Teeth Right In Your Mouth

According to a study published in the latest Journal of Dental Research, a new tissue regeneration technique may allow people to simply regrow a new set of pearly whites.

Collected from: Stem-Cell Dental Implants Grow New Teeth Right In Your Mouth | Popular Science

Stem cell first - tooth regeneration

The technique uses a three-dimensional scaffold infused with growth factor that attracts and stimulates stem cells to regenerate missing teeth in as little as nine weeks.

"An animal-model study has shown that by homing stem cells to a scaffold made of natural materials and integrated in surrounding tissue, there is no need to use harvested stem cell lines, or create an environment outside of the body (e.g., a Petri dish) where the tooth is grown and then implanted once it has matured. The tooth instead can be grown "orthotopically," or in the socket where the tooth will integrate with surrounding tissue in ways that are impossible with hard metals or other materials."

Collected from: Stem cell first - tooth regeneration

Body’s Own Stem Cells Can Lead to Tooth Regeneration

Work at Columbia University College of Dental Medicine Holds Promise for a Biological Substitute for Dental Implants, According to Latest Journal of Dental Research

Jeremy Mao, D.D.S., Ph.D.

"These findings represent the first report of regeneration of anatomically shaped tooth-like structures in vivo, and by cell homing without cell delivery,” Dr. Mao and his colleagues say in the paper. "The potency of cell homing is substantiated not only by cell recruitment into scaffold microchannels, but also by the regeneration of periodontal ligaments and newly formed alveolar bone."

[...]

“A key consideration in tooth regeneration is finding a cost-effective approach that can translate into therapies for patients who cannot afford or who aren’t good candidates for dental implants,” Dr. Mao says. “Cell-homing-based tooth regeneration may provide a tangible pathway toward clinical translation.”

Collected from: Columbia University Medical Center Press Release

What are stem cells?

Stem cells have two essential properties (Alhadlaq and Mao, 2004; Mao, 2005; Marion and Mao, 2006):

Stem cells replicate multiple generations into offspring cells which in turn can replicate;
A single population of stem cells can differentiate into multiple tissue-forming cells. For example mesenchymal stem cells can differentiate into osteoblasts, chondrocytes and adipocytes that form bone, cartilage and fat respectively.

How are stem cells tracked?

Stem cells can be tracked with organic dyes, GFP-infected virii and nanoparticles.

Collected from: Columbia University College of Dental Medicine

Sources

Stem-Cell Dental Implants Grow New Teeth Right In Your Mouth | Popular Science
http://www.popsci.com/science/article/2010-05/new-technique-uses-bodys-stem-cells-regenerate-teeth
Stem cell first - tooth regeneration
http://www.examiner.com/x-6180-Birmingham-Science-News-Examiner~y2010m5d26-Stem-cell-first--tooth-regeneration
Columbia University Medical Center Press Release
http://cumc.columbia.edu/news/press_releases/MAOtooth.html
Columbia University College of Dental Medicine
http://dental.columbia.edu/tel/research.html

Body’s Own Stem Cells Used To Grow Teeth in Mouth | Singularity Hub
http://singularityhub.com/2010/06/01/bodys-own-stem-cells-used-to-grow-teeth-in-mouth/
Technique yields potential biological substitute for dental implants
http://www.physorg.com/news193921830.html
Study Published in Journal of Dental Research: Body’s Own Stem Cells Leads to Tooth Regeneration | EON: Enhanced Online News
http://eon.businesswire.com/portal/site/eon/permalink/?ndmViewId=news_view&newsId=20100518006564&newsLang=en
Anatomically Shaped Tooth and Periodontal Regenera... [J Dent Res. 2010] - PubMed result
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20448245?dopt=Abstract
Teeth from scratch
http://whyfiles.org/shorties/147tooth/
Stem cell treatments - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem_cell_treatments

2010-04-05

Growing Human Bones From Liposuctioned Fat

Clipped from: Human Bones Successfully Grown in Lab From Stem Cells | Popular Science

Human Bones Successfully Grown in Lab From Stem Cells

Scientists could use the technique to reconstruct almost any intricate bone shape in the lab, using digital images as a model

Figuring out a good bone replacement for limbs has proved a problem since the days of the wooden peg leg. Yet scientists have now grown two small bones based on digital images and a 3-D scaffolding, the New York Times reports.

Clipped from: Novelties - Replacement Bones, Grown to Order in the Lab - NYTimes.com

Replacement Bones, Grown to Order in the Lab

Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic, a professor of biomedical engineering at Columbia University, has solved one of many problems on the way to successful bone implants: how to grow new bones in the anatomical shape of the original.

Dr. Vunjak-Novakovic and her research team have created and nourished two small bones from scratch in their laboratory. The new bones, part of a joint at the back of the jaw, were created with human stem cells. The shape is based on digital images of undamaged bones.

Clipped from: Jaw bone grown from adult stem cells

Jaw Bone Grown from Adult Stem Cells

Vunjak-Novakovic's technique for turning stem cells into bone was inspired by the body's natural bone-building process. Her team started by analyzing digital images of a patient's jawbone in order to build a scaffold into the precise shape of a TMJ joint. The scaffold itself was made from human bone stripped of living cells. The team then seeded the scaffold with bone marrow stem cells and placed it into a custom-designed bioreactor. The reactor, filled with culture medium, nourished and physically stimulated the cells to form bone. "Bone tissue is metabolically very active," she says. Bone tissue develops best when it is bathed in fluid flowing around it. Vunjak-Novakovic and the team looked into the exact flow rates one needs for optimal effects. After five weeks, they had a four-centimeter-high jawbone that was the precise size and shape of a human TMJ.

Clipped from: Engineering anatomically shaped human bone grafts — PNAS

Engineering anatomically shaped human bone grafts

Warren L. Grayson, Mirjam Fröhlich, Keith Yeager, Sarindr Bhumiratana, M. Ete Chan, Christopher Cannizzaro, Leo Q. Wan, X. Sherry Liu, X. Edward Guo and Gordana Vunjak-Novakovica

Tissue engineering of anatomically shaped bone grafts. (A–C) Scaffold preparation. (A and B) Clinical CT images were used to obtain high-resolution digital data for the reconstruction of exact geometry of human TMJ condyles. (C) These data were incorporated into MasterCAM software to machine TMJ-shaped scaffolds from fully decellularized trabecular bone. (D) A photograph illustrating the complex geometry of the final scaffolds that appear markedly different in each projection. (E) The scaffolds were seeded in stirred suspension of hMSCs, to 3 million cells per scaffold (≈1-cm³ volume) and precultured statically for 1 week to allow cell attachment, and then the perfusion was applied for an additional 4 weeks. (F) A photograph of perfusion bioreactor used to cultivate anatomically shaped grafts in vitro. (G–I) Key steps in bioreactor assembly (see Movie S1).

Clipped from: Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Research

Osteochondral Tissue Engineering

Sources:

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2008-03-24

Growing New Body Parts

Regeneration of a finger tip (video)

(CBS)Imagine re-growing a severed fingertip, or creating an organ in the lab that can be transplanted into a patient without risk of rejection. It sounds like science fiction, but it's not. It's the burgeoning field of regenerative medicine, in which scientists are learning to harness the body's own power to regenerate itself, with astonishing results.

Medicine's Cutting Edge: Re-Growing Organs, The Future Is Here: Regenerative Powder, Ink Jet Heart Cells And Custom-Made Body Parts - CBS News

via: Responsible Nanotechnology: Growing New Body Parts

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