2007-12-18

How the brain determines a smell

clipped from www.physorg.com

Neuronal circuits able to rewire on the fly to sharpen senses



An blurry image processed with a computer model of activity-dependent lateral inhibition appears in deep contrast illustrating dynamic connectivity. Credit: Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition Pittsburgh Pa.
An blurry image processed with a computer model of activity-dependent lateral inhibition appears in deep contrast, illustrating dynamic connectivity. Credit: Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Pittsburgh, Pa.


Researchers from the Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition (CNBC), a joint project of Carnegie Mellon University and the University of Pittsburgh, have for the first time described a mechanism called “dynamic connectivity,” in which neuronal circuits are rewired “on the fly” allowing stimuli to be more keenly sensed. The process is described in a paper in the January 2008 issue of Nature Neuroscience.

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This new, biologically inspired algorithm for analyzing the brain at work allows scientists to explain why when we notice a scent, the brain can quickly sort through input and determine exactly what that smell is.
“If you think of the brain like a computer, then the connections between neurons are like the software that the brain is running. Our work shows that this biological software is changed rapidly as a function of the kind of input that the system receives,” said Nathan Urban, associate professor of biological sciences at Carnegie Mellon.